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Types of Spectacle Lens & Coatings
Lens Types

Single vision lenses:
Far-distance, medium-distance (computer) or reading, these lenses have only one focal length.

Bifocals:
These lenses have two focal lengths, with far-distance at the top and a D-shaped segment for reading at the bottom, separated by a visible line.  Ideal for those who need to wear glasses full-time, and need both distance and reading components.

Trifocals:
Similar to a bifocal, these have three focal lengths: far-distance, medium-distance and reading, separated by a visible line.  Ideal for those who need to wear glasses full time and need all three components.

Multifocals/Graduated/Progressives:
These lenses have multiple focal lengths getting progressively stronger as you move down the lens.  Far-distance is located at the top of the lens and reading at the bottom of the lens, with all intermediate focal lengths in between.  There is no visible line separating each segment as seen with bifocals and trifocals.  Ideal for those who need to wear glasses full time and have a number of focal length requirements.

Materials

Hi-Index:
These are special plastics which enable the lens to be made much thinner and lighter.  This material is ideal for higher power lenses.

Transition® Lenses:
These are made from a special UV-activate plastic which darkens in the sunlight and returns to a clear lens indoors and in the car.  These lenses are constantly improving.

Polarised Lenses:
These significantly reduce glare and are ideal for prescription sunglasses.

Tinted Lenses:
These can either be uniformly tinted throughout the whole lens, or graduated with the bottom of the lens being less tinted than the top.

Coatings

Hard Coatings:
Scratch-resistant coatings improve the durability of the lens.

Multicoats:
These anti-reflection coatings reduce light reflections on the lens which reduces glare and improves cosmesis.

UV Coatings:
UV reducing coatings are important in protection of your eyes from the sun.

Your optometrist and optical dispenser will recommend the lens type which will best suit your individual needs.  It may be necessary to have several pairs of spectacles to maximise vision and comfort.